Based On vs. Based Around

In view of versus Based Around In view of versus Based Around In view of versus Based Around By Maeve Maddox In a past post, I expounded on the odd however in vogue articulation â€Å"to be based out of,† an expression mysteriously used to mean â€Å"based in,† or â€Å"lives in.† Presently I’ve saw another articulation that utilizations base in a nonstandard manner: â€Å"to be based around.† The first occasion when I saw this odd use was in an inscription under a photograph taken at a school occasion: the occasion was based around The Sisters Grimm [a play]. I couldn’t comprehend why it didn’t state, â€Å"based on.† A Google search demonstrates that the articulation â€Å"to base something around something† is far reaching. Here are a couple of models wherein the proposed implications appear to change among got from, displayed on, set in, having to do with, and plain old dependent on. Some are features. Composing fanfiction based around a story you loathe Step by step instructions to make a story based around a character The story is based around Maine. Exemplary parody based around shop in Doncaster Worksheets and assignments based around the Shakespeare play. This is a typical issue with exercise plans based around sites I need to compose a book based around Monopoly What are a few books about based around being distant from everyone else? Dutch Artist Starting Religion Based Around Facebook Likes Children animation book based around a vegetable nursery. Utilized as a thing, â€Å"a base† is an establishment. Expanding on this significance, the action word â€Å"to base† can have the accompanying implications: to make or structure an establishment for something to fill in as a base for something to build up or keep up a base for something to use as a base or reason for something Something can be founded on something, yet to state that something is based around something has neither rhyme nor reason. Need to improve your English shortly a day? Get a membership and begin getting our composing tips and activities every day! Continue learning! Peruse the Expressions class, check our well known posts, or pick a related post below:Congratulations on or for?50 Idioms About Roads and PathsMood versus Tense

Internet Of Things Perspectives Challenges -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Examine About The Internet Of Things Perspectives Challenges? Anawer: Introducation In this current age, the Internet has procured the condition of universal by contacting each side of the world. It has been influencing the life of human from numerous points of view. The excursion never appears to end. Individuals have just entered a period which is all the more unavoidably associated with a wide assortment of electronic apparatuses that are associated with the web. Individuals are as far as anyone knows entering the Internet of Things. This particular term has been meaning in various manners by various creators. Web of things can be considered as the collaboration between the advanced and physical universes. The computerized world happens to have communication with the physical world by utilizing an incredible assortment of actuators and sensors (Ansari, et al., 2015). Brilliant Television: Brilliant TV, likewise happen to be called as the associated TV, it has numerous new and inventive highlights, for example, the intelligent web 2.0 and the incorporated web innovation. The brilliant Television is totally different structure the traditional TVs from numerous points of view, for example, the new savvy TV encourages the association with the web, media segments that are intelligent on online stages, access to home system to the client alongside additional substance, media that is spilling on-request (Bi, Da Xu Wang, 2014). Such gadgets are additionally coordinated with the gadget with outer network, for example, the gaming supports, set up boxes, advanced mobile phones, computerized players of media, and some more. The savvy TV encourages the clients in regards to playing different recordings and games on the stage, observing live photographs and appears and furthermore encourages the necessary offices for capacity. Utilization: The necessity of the keen TV is getting higher in the computerized showcasing as a result of its novel highlights. There is no necessity of making any trade off in regards to anything with the shrewd TV. This is on the grounds that it is exceptionally effective concerning the capacity and downloads. It happens to work along these lines to a PC and accelerates the procedure of the exchange of the documents (Borgia, 2014). Control: There is a consistently expanding request of the savvy TV simply like the advanced mobile phones as the previous has the touch screen. Be that as it may, when the tallness of the TVs is more noteworthy, it is exceptionally hard for contacting the screen. Therefore, the producers are utilizing the new and imaginative techniques, for example, the Nintendo Wifi-moto and working it in a superior manner. Availability: This TV is very much associated with the advancements of person to person communication and different associations related with web. Through the help of collaboration and association of web among the clients, it is exceptionally simple and advantageous to watch the TVs with no interference. Security: The brilliant TV is extremely inclined to the assaults as noxious assailants can advantageously hack the codes of the TV. The unapproved exercises like pernicious access will happen to cause aggravation in the information and will prompt breaking of the security. Security: it is troublesome and rushed to keep up the protection of the keen TV as the entrance can be hacked by outside person. The chance of losing information is additionally expanding step by step because of the expansion in the assault of infections (Borgia, 2014). Indoor regulator: It is considered as one of the critical segments of Internet of Things which are used in detecting the framework temperature to direct the temperature. Such gadgets are used in the units which are intended for cooling and warming in various applications. Use: These gadgets are utilized in the bookkeeping of the control of air and support of the encompassing temperatures. These are utilized for the activity in different temperatures generally in sensors with the end goal that are bimetallic and thermistor (Botta, et al., 2014). Control: The sensors that are utilized in the control of the gadget happen to control the whole part. Ordinary sensors have been adjusted as they devoured more vitality and cash. Network: such gadgets have web association for controlling the temperature in reasonable manner. Security: There are less odds of the gadget to be hacked as the sensor is extremely productive in directing the gadget. Security: Most of the occasions, homes and workplaces watch an inappropriate readings of the temperatures in the indoor regulator. It should be introduced in where cooling and warming can be managed instead of setting it outside the room or on the divider (Yan, Zhang Vasilakos, 2014). Keen Lighting: The lighting has been conceived just for the decrease of the power cost and increment in the effectiveness of vitality. The lights may incorporate the highlights of productivity alongside the mechanized control which depends on various components like the accessibility (Botta, et al., 2016). Use: The shrewd lightings are utilized for the minimization of use of vitality and sparing the light by encouraging a decent guideline over the warming and cooling impacts. It permits more accommodation and solace. The shrewd lights use the common light right from the sun based vitality in order to decrease the endeavors of the human. Control: The substitution of the battery, tangible, charging gadgets and different devises require legitimate establishment so as to guarantee successful working of the brilliant lights. Availability: The savvy lighting uses the association of web for lessening the changes of the highlights, for example, brilliance and lighting. Security: The model of the savvy lighting requires to be checked in each fortnight else it prompts awful working (Fletcher, 2015). Security: The gadget will have legitimate working if the condition of capacity is appropriately kept up. Savvy: These gadgets are totally different structure the ordinary watch and encourage the best of the highlights over keeping a mind the time. These watches are like the smaller than usual PCs which can do the game playing capacities, running of the applications, estimations and numerous things (FORWARD, 2014). Utilization: These watches incorporate the timetables, computerized maps alongside close to home coordinator and numerous different offices. They are exceptionally productive for the utilization of correspondence because of the use of the sensors. Control: There are not many catches for directing the gadget. With the impression of touch and association with the Bluetooth and different innovations, they are operational. Availability: These are associated with the Internet. Such gadgets are operational in a superior manner with the higher speed of Internet (Holler, et al., 2014). Security: Not a lot of innovation is concocted for the security worries of the watch. Protection: The likelihood of losing the data from the savvy is high. These happen to have less importance in contrast with different gadgets considered under Internet of Things. Savvy Oven On account of the new and imaginative innovation and instruments, the innovation and highlights of the broilers are likewise adjusting and clients are determining extraordinary arrangement of fulfillment. The settings for convection in the broiler encourage the client to speed up the cooking procedure by 40 percent. Use: The gadgets are used to prepare, toasting and numerous other cooking reasons. Each viewpoint and highlight present in the stove consequently alters with one another to keep up the gadgets standard (Jing, et al., 2014). Control: The control of the broiler totally lies in the various components that are available in the stove alongside the accessible web association. Network: These broilers are associated with the Internet innovation and are controlled both by remote and contact. As these broilers are associated with the web association, these are fit for showing the whole cooking process which incorporates the left over cooking time and temperature (Kovatsch, Lanter Shelby, 2014). Security: there are numerous prospects of losing the control structure the temperature for the situation where the components are not balanced in a legitimate manner. Protection: Innovative and cutting edge innovation aids the upkeep of the cooking temperature alongside giving of clean conditions and nourishments that are solid. Brilliant Wi-Fi espresso creator: The brilliant espresso creator empowers the clients to have appropriate power over the planning time of the espresso alongside the help of the Smart telephones that they are utilizing. The gadget aids planning of the espresso even preceding the assistance of the guidelines structure the customer. Use: This gadget helps in getting ready espresso inside exceptionally less time which should be possible even without the guidance. This gadget is useful as it has many included highlights (Kumar, 2015). Control: These gadgets are worked with the help of the advanced mobile phones. Availability: Along with the assistance of the speed of the web association, such gadgets are very much worked. Security: the arrangement of security is exceptionally pertinent and high. Protection: The security is controlled until the advanced mobile phone is assumed control over some other person. The total gadget is controlled with the PDA. Brilliant lock: These locks are the electronic locks which are intended for playing out the opening and bolting activities of the entryways in your homes. On getting the sign structure the client which coordinates the security framework conventions, the entryway happens to open. Utilization: These gadgets are utilized in the upkeep of the security framework in the entryways. These locks are extremely effective for dealing with the critical occasions occurring in your home. Alongside the cryptographic keys, the procedure of execution happens in the entryways (Sheng, et al., 2013). Control: the control of the gadgets occurs with a key and lock. The lock is the physical lock while the keys are in the advanced cells of the clients. Network: The gadgets are in association with the web association that is high in speed. The total procedure of locking and opening of the entryways depend

Radia Perlman 73, Mother of the Internet

Radia Perlman 73, Mother of the Internet To follow up on my recent entry about women in engineering: did you know about the MIT alumna who is known as the Mother of the Internet? Meet Dr. Radia Perlman 73, SM 76, PhD 88, Distinguished Engineer for Sun Microsystems, inventor of the spanning tree algorithm (!). Check out this article about Dr. Perlman from Investors Business Daily earlier this year. (And, for the record, I think in the picture at right she is posing as a spanning tree) The Mother Of The Internet Puzzle Solver: Radia Perlmans determination helped make Web surfing a reality Investors Business Daily February 9, 2006 Thursday NATIONAL EDITION By Pete Barlas Radia Perlman had a solution for an information routing problem. Unfortunately, no one was listening. It was the mid-1970 s, and Perlman was a software designer for computer network communication systems and one of the few women in the field. At a vendor meeting where engineers were asked to help with the routing problem, Perlman spent 30 minutes illustrating her solution with an overhead projector. But the event organizers ignored her findings. Why? Because she was a woman. What did women know about computers? At the end of the meeting, the organizers still called for a solution after I had just given them one, which really irked me, she said. It was one of many such situations. But she didnt let anyone deter her career. Some people dont make as much of an impact on things as they can because they dont believe in themselves enough or they dont know how to get people to listen to them, she said. Perlman believed in herself and got people to listen fortunately for computer users. Perlman, now a distinguished engineer for Sun Microsystems specializing in network security, has helped speed up and protect data that move along computer network systems. Her spanning tree algorithm software that helps direct information traffic on the Internet earned her the nickname Mother of the Internet. Perlmans work comes into play each time an Internet user calls up a Web search service such as Google or Dogpile. Her software acts like a virtual road map for moving information on the streets of the Internet, says Greg Papadopoulos, chief technology officer for Sun. What Radia did was to put the basic traffic rules into place so it was possible to drive from one point to another without hopelessly getting lost or driving in circles, he said. The average Internet user doesnt see Perlmans work. But Web surfing wouldnt be the same without it, says Anthony Lauck, a consultant and Perlmans former boss at now-defunct Digital Equipment Corp. The spanning tree algorithm is something thats in there that is completely taken for granted, he said. It doesnt deliver the data; it keeps the network configured so that it can deliver the data. Perlman, 54, was born in Portsmouth, Va., but grew up mostly in New Jersey. Her interest in information technology is no surprise; both her parents had engineering backgrounds. Perlmans father served in the Navy. He later worked for the government as a radar technician. Her mother worked as a computer programmer for the military as a civilian employee. Perlman learned much through observation and analysis, because she sure wasnt hands-on. I had overprotective parents who convinced me that if I ever tried to touch anything more than an off/on switch I would be electrocuted, she said. But I always wondered about numbers. Thats the kind of thing you can think about in your mind without worrying about getting electrocuted or breaking something. Knack For Numbers Math and science really energized Perlman. Early on she discovered she could puzzle out problems easily. Every time there was a new subject or a quiz I would be very excited at the opportunity to solve all sorts of puzzles, she said. She built on her knack for numbers and enrolled in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1969. She took a class in programming and passed. Soon after, a teaching assistant at MIT enlisted Perlman to help him. He thought I was bright and I would be able to learn, so thats how I got my first programming job, she said. In 1971 Perlman got her first paying job at an MIT lab that taught programming to children. Always aiming for improvement, she redesigned a program with graphics such as turtles to make it easier and more fun for the kids to pick up computer skills. Perlman earned her bachelors degree in mathematics in 1973 and a masters in mathematics in 1976. After graduation, she landed a job at Bolt, Beranek, Newman, a government contractor that designed software for network equipment. To Perlman, mathematics offered the best way to cut through the mumbo jumbo of computer language. Math is sort of pure logic; theres a beauty and simplicity to it, she said. Perlman gave her presentation on network routing while working for BBN. A manager for Digital Equipment happened to be in the audience and offered her a job. She joined Digital in 1980. There, engineers had been trying to get computers to exchange information for months, to no avail. Although skeptical it could be solved, Lauck admired Perlmans abilities and asked her about the problem. I was little surprised when she came in the next day and said, Heres your solution, he said. Perlman had followed her instincts to solve the issue. Laucks glad she did. It was such a superior solution to the others that we just adopted it and went ahead with it, and its become an official standard, he said. Not all problems are as easily workable, Perlman cautions. Its important to know when to back away from an issue in favor of tackling something you have the experience or expertise to solve, she says. Engineering is about finding the sweet spot between whats solvable and what isnt, she said. In 1993 Perlman left Digital for Novell where she continued to work on information exchange and security systems. She joined Sun in 1997. Constant Challenge Perlman has never stopped challenging herself. Over the years she has developed software for simple multicast systems sabotage proof routing, says Suns Papadopoulos. Simple multicast helps solve the problem that occurs when everybody wants to come to your site all at once, he said. Its essential that we get solutions to making our routing infrastructure less vulnerable. Whats Perlmans secret? Perspective and preparation. I invented the technology just by being very clearheaded and really understanding things, she said. You can never learn enough, she believes. Even with her field experience, she sought to go to the next level academically, and earned a Ph.D. in computer science from MIT in 1988. Perlman is keen to pass along what shes learned to the next generation. For the last few years, shes served as a professor at Harvard University and the University of Washington. Shes also penned books and technical articles on network routing and related subjects. Writing and teaching are great ways to keep learning, she says. Every time you explain it and every time people ask a question, you see it with fresh eyes and you tend to understand it more deeply, Perlman said. Over the course of her career, she has earned 80 patents for various nuances of network systems technology. She doesnt actually own the patents the companies shes worked for do but thats OK by her. Perlmans reward is in the solving of the puzzle.

History of the Jet Ski

Personal water craft have been around for more than half a century. The â€Å"Jet Ski,† however, is a trademark used by Kawasaki for its line of personal motorized water craft. Although the word Jet Ski has now become a more generic term describing all personal watercraft, well use it to refer specifically to the Kawasaki vessels. Early Years The earliest water scooters—as they were originally called—were introduced to Europe in the mid 1950s by motorcycle makers looking to expand their markets. The British company Vincent produced some 2,000 of its Amanda water scooters in 1955, but it failed to create the new market Vincent had hoped for. Despite the failure of European water scooters to catch on in the 1950s, the 60s saw continued attempts at tinkering with the idea. The Italian company Mival introduced its Nautical Pleasure Cruiser, which required users to hang onto the craft from behind. Australian motocross enthusiast Clayton Jacobsen II decided to design his own version so that its pilots would be standing up. His big breakthrough, though, was switching from the old outboard motors to an internal pump-jet. Jacobsen made his first prototype out of aluminum in 1965. He tried again a year later, this time opting for fiberglass. He sold his idea to the snowmobile manufacturer Bombardier, but they failed to catch on and Bombardier gave up on them. With patent back in hand, Jacobsen went to Kawasaki, which brought out its model in 1973. It was called the  Jet Ski. With the benefit of Kawasaki’s marketing, the Jet Ski won a loyal audience as a way to waterski without the need  for a boat. It was a small audience, however, as remaining on board while standing up—especially in choppy water—remained a challenge. Jet Skis Go Big The next decade planted the seeds for an explosion in the  popularity of personal water craft. For one thing, new models were introduced that let  riders do what they could do back on the old water scooters. The ability to sit down helped pilot stability. New designs not only improved stability further, but they allowed for two riders at a time, introducing a social element to personal water crafts. Bombardier got back into the game with the introduction of the Sea-Doo, which went on to become the best-selling personal watercraft in the world. With further advances in engine technology and emissions, today’s personal water craft enjoy new-found success in every metric. They can go faster than ever, reaching 60 miles an hour. And they now sell more than any boat in the world. Jet Ski Competitions As the popularity of personal water craft started to take off, enthusiasts started to organize races and competitions. The premiere racing series event is the  P1 AquaX, which launched in the United Kingdom in May 2011. London-based sports promoter Powerboat P1  created the racing series and expanded to the United States in 2013. And by 2015, as many as  400 riders from 11 countries had signed up to compete in an AquaX event. The organizers are looking to expand to other countries.

Project Management with Reference to the Construction of...

The Roman engineers were the first in history to discover that proper management of men and resources could greatly decrease the time it takes to complete a construction project. The management structure the Romans employed on their many public construction projects was very simple, but very effective in communicating information through the appropriate channels. Coupling this management structure with previous experience, the Romans were able to increase the efficiency of their endless labour force. Given that no scriptures on the topic of project management have been discovered, it is hard to know whether the Romans knew exactly what they had achieved. However, even though they are more complex, the processes used today can be quite†¦show more content†¦The next level of men consisted of contractors and foreman that supervised small crews of men. The foremen had to have a very good understanding of what they were being asked to do and how to organize their crews to work a s efficiently and fast as possible. Foremen were also required to physically demonstrate to the men being supervised what they were expected to do and probably administered discipline to men for poor work. Another branch of men , not directly related to physical work, lead to the engineers. This branch contained the levellers and surveyors. They worked under the engineer and maintained communication with the contractor but they did not really fit between either. These men were educated in a variety of subjects but especially math. The surveyors used simple tools to perform very important elevation calculations and with the engineers they plotted the paths of the aqueducts. They communicated with the contractor(s) to explain the path and the slope that the labours were being asked to construct. The most important people in the construction team were the engineers. Everything that happened on the project fell to them to deal with. For this reason Vitruvius gives many examples of things that engineers needed to know and should have studied, including math and some unusual topics such as philosophy and music (Vitruvius: On Architecture, 2006). The engineersShow MoreRelatedUnderstanding the Infrastructure Industry and How it is Essential for the Growth of Our Nation3335 Words   |  13 Pagespurchasing the raw materials through to delivery of the finished product to the customer. They are guided by their motto â€Å"order today, we deliver tomorrow.† Their focus is on operational excellence and lean methods of manufacturing, as well as Kaizen management. Modern technologies such as an automated warehouse system and SAP R3 support the overriding target of corporate success. A worldwide network of their own production facilities also contributes to effectively distributin g their knowledge and to

Brain food to Boost your Exam Scores Free Essays

Well all know that completing a long exam can feel like running a mental marathon, but did you know that what you eat and drink can affect your exam performanceWell it’s true – certain foods have been scientifically proven to improve your energy levels, concentration rate and overall brain power; sounds exactly like the kind of thing you could use for an exam rightToday we have a look at what is the best diet to follow on exam day? Eat brain-boosting foods Protein-rich foods can lead to greater mental alertness, these include eggs, nuts, yogurt, and cottage cheese. So the ideal pre-exam breakfast would be whole-grain cereal with low-fat milk, eggs and toast with jam, porridge, oatmeal, or sugar-free muesli. Go Bananas Fruit can provide excellent brain fuel, which can help you think faster and remember more easily. We will write a custom essay sample on Brain food to Boost your Exam Scores or any similar topic only for you Order Now You could eat oranges, strawberries, blueberries, or bananas, which are especially popular. Vegetables, raw carrots, bell peppers, Brussels sprouts, spinach, broccoli, and asparagus are good choices. Brain blockers On exam day, stay away from foods made of white flour, such as cookies, cakes, and muffins, which require added time and energy to digest. Also avoid foods that are high in refined sugar, such as chocolates, desserts, and sweets. When eaten alone, carbohydrates make you feel more relaxed than alert. So carbs are a good option for the day before the exam, but not on the actual exam day. In addition, carbs such as rice or potatoes, eaten in large quantities, can make you feel heavy and sleepy. Avoid foods that a high in sugar, such as chocolate and Coca-Cola. They will send you off on sugar highs and lows — the opposite of stabilising you during your long exam. Drink brain boosting beverages. Make sure you drink enough water before and during your exam. Tea also works, though without a lot of sugar. Dehydration can make you lose your concentration, feel faint, and sap your energy. Don’t wait till you’re thirsty to drink a glass of water. If you wait till you’re thirsty, it means your body is already a little dehydrated. Avoid alcohol completely on exam day. Obviously, you cannot do well on an exam if you are drunk, have a headache, or are feeling nauseous. In general, reduce your drinking around exam time to avoid hangovers, dullness, or excessive fatigue. Avoid caffeine, as it can increase your nervousness.. Consider taking multivitamins. Most students do not eat a healthy balanced diet. When you survive on pizza, junk food, Red Bull, and coffee, your body ends up with a lack of essential vitamins and minerals. A multivitamin can help. The B vitamins especially strengthen brain functioning. Iron, calcium, and zinc can boost your body’s ability to handle stress. Don’t Forget to Sleep. Many students get into the habit of studying late into the night, hoping to cram in a little more information into their already exhausted brains. Instead, on the night before the exam, stop studying in the early evening. After that, take it easy, eat your dinner, lay out your clothes for the next day, pack your bag, take a shower, set a couple of alarms and head to bed early. You’ve done all you can. To function at your best on exam day, you need not only the energy that comes from healthy nutrition, but also the energy that comes from adequate, restful sleep. How to cite Brain food to Boost your Exam Scores, Essay examples

Brain food to Boost your Exam Scores Free Essays

Well all know that completing a long exam can feel like running a mental marathon, but did you know that what you eat and drink can affect your exam performanceWell it’s true – certain foods have been scientifically proven to improve your energy levels, concentration rate and overall brain power; sounds exactly like the kind of thing you could use for an exam rightToday we have a look at what is the best diet to follow on exam day? Eat brain-boosting foods Protein-rich foods can lead to greater mental alertness, these include eggs, nuts, yogurt, and cottage cheese. So the ideal pre-exam breakfast would be whole-grain cereal with low-fat milk, eggs and toast with jam, porridge, oatmeal, or sugar-free muesli. Go Bananas Fruit can provide excellent brain fuel, which can help you think faster and remember more easily. We will write a custom essay sample on Brain food to Boost your Exam Scores or any similar topic only for you Order Now You could eat oranges, strawberries, blueberries, or bananas, which are especially popular. Vegetables, raw carrots, bell peppers, Brussels sprouts, spinach, broccoli, and asparagus are good choices. Brain blockers On exam day, stay away from foods made of white flour, such as cookies, cakes, and muffins, which require added time and energy to digest. Also avoid foods that are high in refined sugar, such as chocolates, desserts, and sweets. When eaten alone, carbohydrates make you feel more relaxed than alert. So carbs are a good option for the day before the exam, but not on the actual exam day. In addition, carbs such as rice or potatoes, eaten in large quantities, can make you feel heavy and sleepy. Avoid foods that a high in sugar, such as chocolate and Coca-Cola. They will send you off on sugar highs and lows — the opposite of stabilising you during your long exam. Drink brain boosting beverages. Make sure you drink enough water before and during your exam. Tea also works, though without a lot of sugar. Dehydration can make you lose your concentration, feel faint, and sap your energy. Don’t wait till you’re thirsty to drink a glass of water. If you wait till you’re thirsty, it means your body is already a little dehydrated. Avoid alcohol completely on exam day. Obviously, you cannot do well on an exam if you are drunk, have a headache, or are feeling nauseous. In general, reduce your drinking around exam time to avoid hangovers, dullness, or excessive fatigue. Avoid caffeine, as it can increase your nervousness.. Consider taking multivitamins. Most students do not eat a healthy balanced diet. When you survive on pizza, junk food, Red Bull, and coffee, your body ends up with a lack of essential vitamins and minerals. A multivitamin can help. The B vitamins especially strengthen brain functioning. Iron, calcium, and zinc can boost your body’s ability to handle stress. Don’t Forget to Sleep. Many students get into the habit of studying late into the night, hoping to cram in a little more information into their already exhausted brains. Instead, on the night before the exam, stop studying in the early evening. After that, take it easy, eat your dinner, lay out your clothes for the next day, pack your bag, take a shower, set a couple of alarms and head to bed early. You’ve done all you can. To function at your best on exam day, you need not only the energy that comes from healthy nutrition, but also the energy that comes from adequate, restful sleep. How to cite Brain food to Boost your Exam Scores, Essay examples

Martha Graham The Picasso of Dance Essay Example For Students

Martha Graham The Picasso of Dance Essay In the early 1900s, in order to be considered a legitimate art form, dance was expected to be graceful and beautiful, and because of this, ballet was the most accepted and appreciated dancing medium. At this time, in Allegheny City, lived a girl who dreamed of being a dancer. While worshiping Ruth St. Denis, Martha Graham bloomed into the Picasso of Dance, and initiated the modern dance movement. Through this movement, Martha Graham used her: attitude, theater, and unique technique, to rebel against the common traditions of dancing, and created a modern technique which transformed the realm of dance to represent more than just beauty. We will write a custom essay on Martha Graham The Picasso of Dance specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Unlike other dancers, Graham did not care for what the critics approved of or what was expected of her, which helped establish her unpredictable reputation as a dancer. Using her irrational attitude to her advantage, she succeeded in creating a dance form that was real and not focused on projecting only beauty. In her autobiography, Graham described how when choosing whether to represent beauty or the eccentric nature of every woman, â€Å"in each character , played according to what she felt was the wild one† (Graham 58). This unconventional objective of hers was out of the ordinary, since more emphasis was placed on what was appealing to one’s eye. Graceful movements and elaborate costumes were used in order to enhance the beauty of ballet, and yet Graham’s distinct perspective on how modern dance should follow â€Å"modern painters and architects in discarding decorative essentials and fancy trimmings† in order to prove how â€Å" dance was not to be ‘pretty’ but much more real (Graham 120). For example, while working in the Greenwich Village Follies, Graham would never wear any type of revealing garment, because she truly believed as a dancer she will allow her work speak for itself since she â€Å" not a showgirl† (Graham 95). Her bold attitude towards the costumes she would wear whenever she danced with the Follies, created a more artistic feel to her dance, instead of relying on what would please the audience most to see the dancers in. Whether it is pure genius or the inclination to be wild, Graham inspired many of her dancers to embrace dismal clothing and forced their movements to paint a contemporary picture, which later became a form of art. Through her use of theater, Graham set the stage for dramatic movements that not only expressed various issues of the time, but also a powerful meaning in every gesture a dancer would form. With every ballet, Graham taught the audience a life lesson, using her essence of drama. In El Penitente, her ballet of 1940, she illustrated how every woman who â€Å"is worth anything† has three phases to her personality, which were the qualities of â€Å"being a virgin, of being the temptress-prostitute, of being the mother† (Graham 26). Whenever an audience would come to see Graham in her natural habitat, somehow a deeper meaning to the show was always evident. A huge impact was seen on the modern dance movement, since now dance was characterized as a form of art that allows symbolic or purposeful meanings behind every gesture. In this way, Graham became a triumphant figure in society by communicating her ideas of what women should be seen as, or even what she viewed real beauty as. Using her strict belief of how â€Å"dance is the foundation of theatre,† Graham would entice the audience to look past superficial beauty and see the truth behind rigid movements (Graham 106). In reference to the drama used in El Penitente, critics acclaimed how the â€Å"two-dimensional look of painted images, its shapes and colors reminiscent of work by Georgia O’Keeffe,† and how every dancer almost fit the image of a painted part of nature (Dunning 1). Graham’s use of theater was strange and unique because in most forms of dance at the time, dancers would stay away from two-dimensional shapes in order to create a ballet which would fill the stage completely and seem artistic (Dunning 1). .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f , .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f .postImageUrl , .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f , .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f:hover , .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f:visited , .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f:active { border:0!important; } .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f:active , .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Pablo Picasso "Girl with a Mandolin"- Cubism Movement EssayThe modern dance movement was positively impacted by Graham’s theater skills to give every performance another meaning besides superficial beauty. Graham created her own technique, which is specific to modern dance choreography and is the foundation of the modern dance movement. In order to properly become attuned to the muscles in her body, Graham created the shifting of a dancer’s weight as a prime technique all modern dancers needed to master. As described by Graham herself, the technique â€Å"would later evolve the weight is shifted in the strange animal way that is not ballet but contemporary dance,† which at first was very foreign to all dancer who would attempt such a strategy (Graham 104). Upon hearing of such a technique, even George Balanchine had stated how Graham created her own â€Å"classical technique,† which is very important to modern dance since this weight shifting technique allows dancers to tap into the nature of their bodies and become one with nature, in a sense (Graham 104). Using her momentum, Graham would use physics and anatomy to her advantage whenever she choreographed any performances. Graham impacted the modern dance movement greatly because she created a different technique in which dancers still use even today, especially in contemporary dances. Through the shifting of weight, Graham successfully paved the way for dancers to use real movement to create a contemporary dance style. In conclusion, Graham always was able to leave the audience in awe of her brilliance whenever she performed. Her choreography created the modern dance movement, and allowed dancers to explore areas of dance which were alien to them. Through her: attitude, theater, and technique, Graham really made a difference to the dancing realm and became an inspiration for countless years to come. Due to Graham’s accomplishments, people of the time began to alter their perception of dance to reflect not only how dance can be beautiful, but also how modern dance is a form of art. Bibliography: 1. Dunning, Jennifer. Dance: El Penitente, By Graham. New York Times 5 June 1986, n. pag. http://www.nytimes.com/1986/06/05/arts/dance-el-penitente-by-graham.html. 15 Sep. 2013. 2. Graham, Martha. Blood Memory. Doubleday, 1991. print.

The movie Cursed Essay Example

The movie: Cursed Paper The movie Cursed was overrated with the use of a well known director and actors, hyped-up commercials and promises of fright. It lacked the use of effects to bring the movie to life. Cursed did well at the box office, but did not have the makings of a box office hit.Body:Cursed was released in theaters February 25, 2005 (Video, 2005) and hit stores April 26, 2005 (Ask, 2005). The movie was supposed to be a thriller but for who a five year old. Thats probably why it was short lived at the box office it failed to thrill its target audience. With the technology that is available today movie goers expect the monsters to be cool as well as scary. With this movie neither was achieved. The special effects reminded me of watching the Crypt Keeper in Tales from the Crypt, which aired from 1989-1996 (TV, 2005). That goes to show how out dated the effects were. The werewolves in Cursed were so big that they were more funny than scary. The cast was great I was just really turned off by the whole feel of the movie it was so typical and you knew the culprit before the movie even really got started. In a review by Wireless Magazine they called it A breathtaking supernatural thriller!(Video, 2005).In a review by Brian Juergens he states What we get is just about every clichà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ imaginable (Bloody-Distuging, 2005).ConclusionBasically the way I felt about the movie is that it had a good supporting cast and a workable storyline. It failed with the lack of special effects and cheesy punch lines. It seemed more like a modern day B-Movie than a thriller. To put it simple I would rather watch The Rocky Horror Picture Show than watch Cursed. I say give me something to scare me and they give me something that my three year old niece laughs at.Cursed (Final) p.1Cursed a Wes Craven FilmCelita HamiltonJanuary 6, 2006ENG105Dr. Christine MillerCursed (Final) p.2The movie Cursed was overrated with the use of a well known director and actors, hyped-up commercials and promises of frigh t. It lacked the use of special effects to bring the movie to life. True the movie did well at the box office, but it did not have the makings of a box office hit.Cursed was short lived at the box office, which is probably due to its failure to capture its audience. The movie was supposed to be a thriller that thrilled few instead of many. With todays technology moviegoers expect a horror to have cool, gruesome and scary monsters. With this movie only the cool factor was achieved. The werewolves in Cursed reminded me of watching an episode of Tales from the Crypt, which aired from 1989-1996, (TV, 2005). That goes to show how outdated the effects seemed. I mean the werewolves were so big they were more funny than scary. The movie trailers and teasers had you believing you would be terrified through the entire movie, I guess thats why they call them teasers. Wireless Magazine called it A breathtaking supernatural thriller! (Video, 2005).Cursed (Final) p.3Brian Juergens stated What we get is just about every clichà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ imaginable (Bloody-Disgusting, 2005). The story line lacked a climax; I mean they practically point out the villain from the start.More or less the way I feel about Cursed is that it had a good supporting cast and a workable storyline that was not used to its full potential. It failed by not delivering what advertisement promised. It had a lack of special effects and cheesy punch lines. It had the feel of a modern day B-Movie. Give me the Howling any day.

Writing Your Graduate School Admissions Essay

Writing Your Graduate School Admissions Essay It should come as no surprise that most applicants do not enjoy drafting their graduate admissions essay. Writing a statement that tells a graduate admissions committee all about you and can potentially make or break your application is stressful. Take a different perspective, however, and you will find that your admissions essay is not as daunting as it seems. What is its Purpose? Your graduate school application provides the admissions committee with a great deal of information about you that cannot be found elsewhere in your graduate application. The other parts of your graduate school application tell the admissions committee about your grades (i.e., transcript), your academic promise (i.e., GRE scores), and what your professors think of you (i.e., recommendation letters). Despite all of this information, the admissions committee does not learn much about you as an individual. What are your goals? Why are you applying to graduate school? With so many applicants and so few slots, its critical that graduate admissions committees learn as much as possible about applicants so as to ensure that they choose students who best fit their program and are most likely to succeed and complete a graduate degree. Your admissions essay explains who you are, your goals, and the ways in which you match the graduate program to which you are applying. What Do I Write About? Graduate applications often ask that applicants write in response to specific statements and prompts. Most prompts ask applicants to comment on how their backgrounds have shaped their goals, describe an influential person or experience, or discuss their ultimate career goals. Some graduate programs request that applicants write a more generic autobiographical statement, most often referred to as a personal statement. What is a Personal Statement? A personal statement is a general statement of your background, preparation, and goals. Many applicants find it challenging to write a personal statement because there is no clear prompt to guide their writing. An effective personal statement conveys how your background and experiences have shaped your career goals, how you are well matched to your chosen career and provides insight into your character and maturity. No easy feat. If you are asked to write a generic personal statement, pretend that the prompt instead requires you to discuss how your experiences, interests, and abilities have lead you to your chosen career. Begin Your Admissions Essay by Taking Notes About Yourself Before you write your admissions essay you must have an understanding of your goals and how your experiences to date prepare you for pursuing your goals. A self-assessment is critical to gathering the information you need to write a comprehensive essay. You likely will not (and should not) use all of the information that you gather. Evaluate all of the information you gather and determine your priorities. Most of us have many interests, for example. Decide which are most important to you. As you consider your essay, plan to discuss the information that supports your goals and what is most important to you. Take Notes on the Graduate Program Writing an effective graduate admissions essay requires knowing your audience. Consider the graduate program at hand. What specific training does it offer? What is its philosophy? How well do your interests and goals match the program? Discuss the ways in which your background and competencies overlap with the graduate programs requirements and training opportunities. If youre applying to a doctoral program, take a close look at the faculty. What are their research interests? Which labs are most productive? Pay attention to whether faculty take on students or appear to have openings in their labs. Peruse the department page, faculty pages, and lab pages. Remember That an Admissions Essay is Simply an Essay By this time in your academic career, you have likely written a great many essays for class assignments and exams. Your admissions essay is similar to any other essay you have written. It has an introduction, body, and conclusion. Your admissions essay presents an argument, just as any other essay does. Granted, the argument concerns your capacities for graduate study and the outcome can determine the fate of your application. Regardless, an essay is an essay. Beginning is the Hardest Part of Writing I believe this holds true for all types of writing, but especially for drafting graduate admissions essays. Many writers stare at a blank screen and wonder how to begin. If you search for the perfect opening and delay writing until you find just the right angle, phrasing, or metaphor you may never write your graduate admissions essay. Writers block is common among applicants writing admissions essays. The best way to avoid writers block is to write something, anything. The trick to beginning your essay is to not start at the beginning. Write the parts that feel natural, such as how your experiences have driven your career choices. You will heavily edit whatever you write so dont worry about how you phrase your ideas. Simply get the ideas out. It is easier to edit than write so your goal as you begin your admissions essay is to simply write as much as you can. Edit, Proof, and Seek Feedback Once you have a rough draft of your admissions essay, keep in mind that it is a rough draft. Your task is to craft the argument, support your points, and construct an introduction and conclusion that guides readers. Perhaps the best piece of advice I can offer on writing your admissions essay is to solicit feedback from many sources, especially faculty. You may feel that you have made a good case and that your writing is clear, but if a reader cannot follow it, your writing isnt clear. As you write your final draft, check for common errors. Perfect your essay as best you can and once its submitted congratulate yourself for completing one of the most challenging tasks entailed in applying to graduate school.​

Social Networking Sites Are Good Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Social Networking Sites Are Good Society - Essay Example Steve Chazin, a former managing director at Apple is quite categorical in his statement that social networking has changed the lives of people for the better as all humans do have a need to feel connected to each other (Are Social†¦). Danah Boyd, researcher at the Microsoft and experts in media, has more discreet view on the subject that those who do not understand social media look at only negativities and see social media as evil (Are Social†¦). Aric Sigman, a fellow of the Royal Society of Medicine and recipient of the Chartered Scientist award from the Science Council is of the view that online contacting displacing face-to-face contacting will bring about some sort of physiological changes such as illness or higher premature mortality. (Are Social†¦) In one of the study done at University of Maryland on 200 students (Conger, 2010) giving up all social networking sites for a day had some amazing findings. On asking students how they felt during this pause, students came out with a reply of having anxious mood and frantic cravings that typically felt by a person who goes through withdrawal from any addictive stuff. In such context, it has been said that social networking sites would destroy our brain and bodies as has been voiced by Susan Greenfield, a neuroscientist from U.K; however, so far, no any published scientific studies have validated such claims (Conger, 2010). On the contrary, it has been found that the more people are engaged with any social site, the better they feel. This is what argued by Moira Burke, a researcher from the Human-Computer Institute at Carnegie Mellon University (Conger, 2010). The reason for favorable feelings stems... This essay discusses that the more people are engaged with any social site, the better they feel. This is what argued by Moira Burke, a researcher at the Human-Computer Institute at Carnegie Mellon University (Conger, 2010). The reason for favorable feelings stems from the emotional support that friends, acquaintances or family provide. The feeling of having more social capital triggers a sense of well-being in them. In another study done at Cornell indicates that social capital garnered online also propels better physical health. Though it has been warned in some quarters that social networking would drive people into isolation; it has helped reap benefits from online contacts. Fowler and Christakis from Harvard University have completed many studies on the aspects of attitudes, health behaviors, and on happiness among social networking site participants and they have reached the conclusion that as people influence each other in their normal interactions, similar is the behavior pat tern found at social networking sites. This paper makes a conclusion that a social networking has gone a long way since its modest start about 15 years back. Facebook, Twitter, Orkut and many other sites have now millions of users who share their daily experiences and understandings on a myriad of issues. In the era of globalization, these sites are being extensively used for the various causes and will continue to grow as one of the formidable social tools for masses.

Major Research Essay Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Major Essay - Research Paper Example The fear of investors, both local and international, on their properties may make them shift to other countries that are safe for investment. International monetary funds and government interests may cut their support of the countries at war leading to decline of the economic growth. Considering these effects, the China and Japan governments may opt for a diplomatic way of solving their disputes rather than opting for a war. The government of China began to take an interest of the island since the discovery of oil was pronounced. China acknowledges that the island is within their boundary. The argument is the continued fisheries that were practised in the earlier years by their forefathers. Their interest though began in the 1970s had been growing, and a counter attack from the Japanese government in 2010 towards the Chinese fishermen proved the escalation of the disputes. The attack by the Japanese soldiers assured that they were in control of the island and ready to take any form of challenge (Pan). When this kind of attack happens, the Chinese government would likely respond. The response to this matter could be worrying. Chinese fishermen are sometime held in custody over the allegation of trespassing and carrying out the fishing activity in the Japan ese territory. For this reason, the Chinese government might respond with war as a way of revenge or in an attempt to rescue them. Therefore, any kind of respond that does not involve the use of a diplomatic action that will lead to a long lasting solution will cause an outbreak of international war. China has been a silent country in terms of conflict with the neighbouring and far countries. The country have not involved itself with other nation’s internal or international conflicts. The nature of the nation has been taken advantage of the rivals. Their leadership of the country is now evolving and coming up with strategies that will ensure a military activities of the

Financial Statement Analysis of Hilton Worldwide Holdings

Financial Statement Analysis of Hilton Worldwide Holdings Company Overview HiltonWorldwide Holdings Inc.is one of the largest and fastest growing hospitality companies in the world. The company is correctly positioned in the industry. We expect Hilton to grow at about 6.92% the same rate as its competitor and to maintain the median returns it currently generates. Hilton has relatively high profit margins while operating with median asset turns. Hiltons year-to-year change in revenues and earnings are better than that of its competitor. Hiltons revenue growth in recent years and current P/E ratio are both around their respective peer medians suggesting that historical performance and long-term growth expectations for the company are largely in sync. Analytical Conclusion Although the hospitality industry can get volatile Hilton Worldwide will continue to make strides as the company has a dedicated team coupled with an award winning portfolio and tailor made strategies for each hotel. Hence, the company will continue its operations for years to come. While Hilton has little control over external shocks, the company has the ability to adapt to its competitors, both old and new in all 104 countries and regions. Hilton worldwide is fairly valued. The company is currently valued at $19.07 billion with an anticipated value of $19.70-20B. Summary Financials Price (Sale):2.63(BV):3.21Float: 192.69M Debt to Equity: 184.85 52 Week Trading Range: 41.55 60.40Insider Holdings: N/A Current Ratio: 1.33 Cash: 1.42B Equity: 5.89 B P/E trailing: 54.77 Exchange: NYSEProfit Margin: 4.82% P/E forward: 27.65 Market Cap: 19.18BOperating Margin: 28.07% Shares Outstanding: 329.73MROE: 6.17% Selected Financials FY 12/31 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 Revenue 9.66B 8.88B 11. 66B 11. 27B 10.50B 9.74B 9.28B Net Income 743M 571 M 348M 1.4B 673M 415M 352M EPS (Basic) 2.06 1.74 1.06 4.26 2.04 1.35 1.14 EPS (Diluted) 2.06 1.74 1.05 4.26 2.04 1.35 1.14 P/E 28.22 33.25 21.59 30.65 34.40 33.82 35.98 Company Highlights Net loss for the fourth quarter was $382 million, and net income for the full year was $364 million. Diluted loss per share was $1.17 for the fourth quarter, largely driven by $513 million of non-cash corporate restructuring charges incurred prior to the spin-offs, and diluted EPS was $1.05 for the full year. Added 354 hotels to its system in 2016, opening nearly one hotel per day in the year. Completed spins-offs of Hilton Grand Vacations (HGV) and Park Hotels and Resorts (PK) Hilton launched its newest brand the Tapestry Collection by Hilton. Description Hilton is one of the largest and fastest growing hospitality companies in the world, with a portfolio of 14 world class brands comprising over 4,900 properties with more than 800,000 rooms in 104 countries and regions. Hilton is committed to fulfilling its mission to be the worlds most hospitable company by delivering exceptional experiences at every hotel, to every guest, every time. Hilton was founded in 1919 by Conrad Hilton when he purchased his first hotel in Texas, Hiltons is the most recognized hotel brand in the world. Hiltons operate its business across three segments: ownership; management and franchise; and timeshare. Hiltons strategy focuses on providing service and cost models tailored to each hotel, reflecting size, business complexity, and market environment. Hilton provide appropriate levels of engagement depending on each hotels needs, by ensuring hotel owners are fully engaged in decision-making. This consolidated approach means Hilton maximize cost and scale effici encies, by sharing best practice, market and trend intelligence and ensuring appropriate affordability to each hotel. For example: Hilton refine its luxury brands to deliver products and service standards that are relevant to each region. Hiltons operations are mainly concentrated in the United States, however, it has its presence in the international markets such as in Europe, the Middle East and Africa, and in the Asia Pacific region. Operations Hilton operates its business across three segments namely; ownership, management and franchise, and timeshare. Ownership Hilton is one of the largest hotel owners in the world based on the number of rooms at the companys leased, owned and joint venture properties. Hiltons diverse global portfolio of owned and leased properties includes a number of prominent hotels in major cities such as New York City, San Francisco, London, Chicago, SÃ £o Paolo and Tokyo. Hiltons portfolio includes renowned hotels with significant underlying real estate value, by the end of 2016, the ownership segment had 141 hotels with 57,716 rooms. In recent years Hilton has expanded its hotel system less through real estate investment and more by increasing the number of management and franchise agreements the company has with third-party hotel owners. Hilton focuses on maximizing profitability and cost efficiency of all its portfolios by, reducing fixed costs and implementing new labor management practices and systems. For instance, Hilton has developed and executed strategic plans for each of its hotels to enhance the market po sition of each property. At many of its hotels Hilton has renovated guest rooms and public spaces and added or enhanced meeting and retail space to improve profitability. At certain of its hotels, Hilton is evaluating options for the adaptive reuse of all or a portion of the property to residential, retail or timeshare uses. Management and Franchise Hiltons management and franchise segment enables the company to manage timeshare properties and hotels and license its trademarks to franchisees. Hilton currently manages 4,734 hotels with 738,724 rooms. Therefore, this segment generates its revenue primarily from fees charged to homeowners, hotel owners and associations at timeshare properties. Hilton grows its management and franchise business by attracting owners to become a part of its system and participate in its brands and commercial services to support their hotel. On Hiltons part, these contracts require little or no capital investment to initiate and provide substantial return on investment for Hiltons. Hiltons primary management services consist of operating hotels under management contracts for the benefit of third parties, who either own or lease the hotels. Hilton earns an incentive fee based on gross operating profits and a management fee based on a percentage of the hotels gross revenue. For a fee Hilton franchise its trade, brand names, operating systems and service marks to hotel owners. Hilton does not directly participate in the daily operation or management of franchised hotels but its conducts periodic inspections to ensure that brand standards are maintained. Hilton approves certain aspects of development and the location for new construction of franchised hotels, in some cases, Hilton also provides the franchise with product improvement plans that must be completed in accordance with brand standards to remain in Hiltons hotel system. Timeshare Hiltons timeshare segment generates revenue from three primary sources: Resort Operations, Timeshare Sales, and Financing. Hilton market and sell timeshare interests owned by Hilton and third parties. The company sells timeshare intervals on behalf of third-party developers using the Hilton Grand Vacations brand. Through resort operations Hilton manages the Hilton Grand Vacations (HGV) Club, receiving annual dues, enrollment fees, and transaction fees from members. Hiltons also provides consumer financing, which includes interest income generated from the origination of consumer loans to customers to finance their purchase of timeshare intervals and revenue from servicing the loans. Strategy Since Hilton Worldwide was founded, the company has been among the top hospitality companies in the industry. In fact, after almost 100 years it is considered one of the largest and fastest growing corporations with the goal to deliver outstanding customer experiences and excellent operating performance. Hiltons business strategy is based on its service differentiation, the company distinguishes itself from its competitors by providing high quality service combining it with IT systems. According to Dudovki, (2016), Hilton has been focusing its strategy on digitalizing mobile services, booking channels, loyalty and data driven-personalization, and also improving guest experience and privacy. Enhanced service offering is at the forefront of Hilton strategy. In order to allocate more of customers travel spending to Hilton hotels, and consequently to enhance customer loyalty for the entire system of hotels and timeshare properties, the team created Hilton Honors Loyalty Program. The program rewards guests with points for each stay at any of Hiltons more than 4,900 hotels worldwide. Members can use the points earned for free hotel nights and other goods and services; moreover, it is possible to spend the points with 130 partners, among which car rental, rail, and airlines companies, credit card providers and others. The loyalty program contributed over $17 billion in terms of revenues as reported at the end of the year 2016. Another strategy employed by Hilton is premium pricing. Hilton utilizes the premium pricing policies for its upscale services and hotels. The pricing strategy is established to emphasize, among customers, the sense of status and luxury rather than the sense of stay and dining. Through the analysis of previous performance and strategies they provide to manage future profitability. For instance, they engage with sales teams for hotels with significant group/corporate business, to ensure corporate pricing structure is maximized throughout the RFP process. The management of Hilton believe every Hilton Worldwide property has its own unique strengths and challenges. As such they provide service and cost models tailored to each hotel, reflecting business complexity, size, and market environment. Hilton matches its service to the needs of the clients hotel, Hilton management believes that one size fits all. This consolidated approach means that Hilton maximize cost and scale efficiencies, rapidly sharing best practice, market and trend intelligence and ensuring appropriate affordability to each hotel. Hilton have focused on optimizing hotels market share and delivering market-beating revenue per available room (RevPAR) results. Hiltons team provides thorough analysis of previous performance and strategies to drive future profitability. Management Hilton Executive Committee is characterized by key personnel with diverse backgrounds who were able to bring the company to the prominence it now enjoys in the hospitality industry. Among those executive are Hiltons President and Chief Executive Officer, Christopher J. Nassetta. Nassetta has been one of the most important figure in the Hilton family since 2007. With a degree in finance, Nassetta has always been close to the hospitality industry and real estate market. In fact, he worked as President and Chief Executive Officer at Host Hotels Resorts, Inc. since 2000, and before he was Chief Development Officer for The Oliver Carr Company, one of the largest commercial real estate company in the Mid-Atlantic region. He is also involved in several non-profit organizations and volunteering. Another central leader in this profitable company is its Executive Vice President Chief Financial Officer, Kevin Jacobs. He began his experience at Hilton in 2008 covering various positions. He is now responsible of the companys global finance, information technology and real estate functions. As his President, Jacobs has a background in the hospitality industry working for other Hotels and Resorts corporations. Jim Holthouser joined Hilton board as Vice President of Global Brands in 1979. He directs the brand management and customer marketing across nine consumer brands for more than 4,000 hotels. With over 20 years of experience in the restaurant, lodging, and gaming industries, Holthouser has held a series of senior management positions within Hilton in the franchising, branding, and marketing arenas. The above mentioned key personnel are veterans in their own right with experience in hospitality and related industries, Hiltons executive team is well-positioned to accelerate its momentum. Hiltons executives collectively make a holistic team because they are from diverse background and shares common interests and values as such they all able to contribute to the holistic growth and development of Hilton Worldwide. Markets The hospitality industry is seasonal. It is common for Hilton and the other competitors to expect lower revenues in the first quarter of each year. According to Statista the global hotel industry in 2016 was valued at $490.06 billion. Reports by Financial Morningstar.com indicate that Hilton Worldwide is ranked among the largest player in the global hotel industry, Hilton and Marriott have the highest market share. They are followed by Wyndhams, Choice Hotels and International Hotels Groups. The global hotel industry is fragmented. There is no single company in a position to influence or dominate the industry as no company holds more than 5% of the global market shares. Hilton is growing quickly, as it has the highest global market share by room supply of approximately 4.7%. Hiltons operations are mainly concentrated in the United States, but it has started to increase its presence in the international market. Hilton has a higher market share of 9.3 % in the United States, it has a r elatively small share of 3% in other regions in the Middle East and Africa, 1.6 % in Europe, and 1.2 % in the Asia Pacific region. Hilton faces a strong competition as a hotel, resort, residential, and timeshare manager, franchisor, developer and owner. The hotel and lodging industry inspects several elements in terms of competition, such as the attractiveness of the facility, location, quality of accommodations, amenities, level of service, room rate, public and meeting spaces and other guest services, consistency of service, brand reputation and the ability to earn and redeem loyalty program points through a global system. Hilton principal competitors on a global scale are Marriott International, Accor S.A., Carlson Rezidor Group, MÃ ¶venpick Hotels and Resorts Hongkong and Shanghai Hotels, Hyatt Hotels Corporation, Intercontinental Hotel Group, and Wyndham Worldwide Corporation. Financial Analysis and Projections Financial History 2014-2015 Hilton Worldwide generates revenue from three business segments namely ownership, management and franchise and timeshare which accounts for the companys strong financial results. For fiscal year ending 2015 total revenue increased from $10,505,000,000 in 2014 to 1$1,272,000,000 in 2015, showing a growth of 6%. This positive revenue is attributed to recovery in the economy. Likewise, cost of revenue also increased from $4,029,000,000 in 2014 to $4,065,000,000. These cost of revenue are consistent with the companys portfolio expansion. However as a percentage revenues, cost of revenues decreased by 2% in 2015 which is a reflection of the companys extensive cost reducing strategy, meanwhile the companys gross profit margins increased by 2.27% in 2015. The companys selling and administrative, non-recurring, and other expenses as a percentage of revenues has shown slight increases over the past two years, which is consistent with expansions. However, the company was able to compress the cost of expenses so that these cost did not increase by more than the increase in revenues. On a per share basis, earnings showed a significant increase from $2.04 in 2014 to $4.26 in 2015, this represented an increase in performance. The companys net profit increased by 5.59% to 1,404,000,000 up from 673,000, 000, as Hilton launched its 13th brand, Tru by Hilton. Hiltons performance was as a result of the increase in revenues from owned and leased hotels in all segments and regions, with occupancy and rate increases in all regions except Middle East and Africa. Hiltons economic growth continued to drive performance, as global RevPAR increased from 3 to 5 percent. Hilton achieved record expansion and financial results in 2015 and continues to lead th e industry as the largest, best-performing and fastest-growing hospitality company. Fiscal Year ended 2016 The fiscal year ended 2016 was a record-breaking year for Hilton as the company increased its system size by 6.6% with 52,000 gross rooms opened, nearly one hotel per day was opened a total 354 hotels and started construction on nearly 77,000 rooms. The first quarter of the fiscal year 2016, was the slowest quarter for Hilton as they reported revenues of $2,750,000, 000, a 5% decrease over the corresponding period for 2015. The second quarter was the strongest quarter of the entire year, with a 9.9% revenue growth over the previous quarter. Revenues saw a consistent decline over the two last quarters. Net income for the first quarters of the 2016 was $ 309,000,000, a 48.5% increase over the corresponding period the previous year. However the company saw a significant reduction in net income over the three last quarters, and even posted a net loss in fourth quarter of 2016, the net loss was $382 million compared to net income of $816 million for the previous period in, 2015. During the fourth quarter of 2016, Hilton incurred a tax charge of $513 million related to a corporate restructuring executed before the spin-offs, resulting in a net loss for the period. For the fourth quarter of 2016, diluted loss per share was $1.17 compared to diluted earnings per share of $2.47 for the fourth quarter of 2015. For the fiscal year 2016, diluted EPS was $1.05 compared to $4.26 for the previous year. Net income was $364 million for the full year 2016 compared to $1,416 million for the fiscal year 2015, a 74% reduction. The companys performance for fiscal year 2016 reflect the effects of the spin-off of Park Hotels Resorts Inc. and Hilton Grand Vacations Inc. which was completed in January 2017. Consolidated Income Statement and Projections Common Size Expected Common Size Expected Common Size Actual Actual Actual All numbers in thousands Revenue 12/31/2018 12/31/2017 12/31/2016 12/31/2015 12/31/2014 Total Revenue 100% 9,661,440 100% 8,880,000 100% 11,663,000 11,272,000 10,502,000 Cost of Revenue 35.00% 3,381,504 35% 3,108,000 34.71% 4,048,000 4,065,000 4,019,000 Gross Profit 65.00% 6,279,936 65.00% 5,772,000 65.29% 7,615,000 7,207,000 6,483,000 Operating Expenses Selling General and Administrative 42.00% 4,057,805 40.00% 3,552,000 43.40% 5,062,000 4,741,000 4,182,000 Non-Recurring 0.09% 9,000 0.17% 15,000 0.13% 15,000 9,000 9,000 Others 5.88% 568,093 6.00% 532,800 5.88% 686,000 692,000 628,000 Total Operating Expenses Operating Income or Loss 1,645,039 1,672,200 1,861,000 2,071,000 1,673,000 Income from Continuing Operations Total Other Income/Expenses Net 4.50% 434,764.8 1.00% 88,800 0.15% -18,000 283,000 73,000 Earnings Before Interest and Taxes 21.53% 2,079,803 19.83% 1,761,000 15.79% 1,842,000 2,071,000 1,765,000 Interest Expense 5.00% 483072 5.00% 444,000 5.03% 587,000 575,000 618,000 Income Before Tax 13.00% 1,255,987.2 11.83% 1,050,600 10.76% 1,255,000 1,496,000 1,147,000 Income Tax Expense 5.00% 483072 5.00% 444,000 7.64% 891,000 80,000 465,000 Minority Interest 0.40% 38645.76 0.40% 35,520 0.43% 50,000 34,000 38,000 Net Income From Continuing Ops 8.00% 772,915.2 6.00% 532,800 3.05% 356,000 1,427,000 692,000 Net Income 7.60% 734269.44 6.43% 571,080 2.98% 348,000 1,404,000 673,000 Net Income Applicable To Common Shares 734,269.44 571,080 348,000 1,404,000 673,000 EPS Diluted 2.09 1.74 1.06 1.35 1.14 Average Share 350,000 329,000 329,730 1,040,000 590,350 Projections for Next Two years Current Fiscal year ending December 2017 As Hilton separate into three distinct, publicly traded company, in order to unlock growth opportunities and to take advantage of the capital market and tax efficiencies, there seems to be a dim outlook for the upcoming year. Experts project that revenues growth will decrease by 23.80% to 8.88 billion down from 11.66 billion in 2016. This expected decline in growth is not expected to translate in a reduction in overall EPS, as EPS, are expected to increase from $1.06 to $1.74. In fiscal 2017 the company plans to roll out its new simplified business model: A market leading fee-based business as over 90% of Hiltons revenue comes from franchise fee and management fee. This new business model is expected to generate significant revenues as the company continues to lead the industry in net unit growth without significant use of capital. Hilton intends to aggressively invest to drive revenues and manage risk. With the enhanced capabilities developed through the 354 hotels added in 2016 and the completion of a further 77,000 rooms. In addition, the company is expected to drive per unit growth due to the launch of its newest brand, Tapestry Collection by Hilton and extensive management contracts with large luxury hotels in countries such as China. However, general and administrative expense, non-recurring expenses and other expenses are projected to be flat compared to fiscal year 2016. Net profit is project to increase by 3.45% to 571,080 million. For the fiscal year ending December 2017, Hilton expects total revenue from continuing operations to increase by more than 20% up 88 million compared to the $18 million loss in 2016. Net unit growth is expected to be roughly 50,000 to 55,000 rooms as such system-wide RevPAR is projected to increase anywhere from 1 to 3 percent compared to 2016. For the fiscal year 2017 cash available for capital return and debt prepayments is projected to be between $900 million and $1 billion. Likewise, capital expenditures for the year, excluding amounts reimbursed by hotel owners, are estimated to be between $150 million and $200 million. Fiscal Year Ending December 2018 For the fiscal year ending December 2018, revenue are projected to increase by an average of 8.80 %, up to $9.67 billion, while earnings are expected to grow to an average of 2% to roughly $2.08 billion, showing positive prospects of continued growth. The earnings per shares are expected to show a corresponding increase from $1.74 to $2.08. Hilton is expected to drive leading investment returns to hotel owners, as hotel owners continue to invest in Hiltons system growth. Hilton is also expecting its market-leading growth to be amplified by its new brands that will bring new customers into its system and offers more opportunities for its existing customers to stay with the company. Capitalization and Other Asset and Liability Analysis During fiscal year 2016, in preparation for the spin-offs, Hilton entered into a series of financing transactions, of which the debt incurred by HGV and Park is the sole obligation of those entities after the spin-offs. Hilton entered into a $200 million senior secured term loan facility for HGV, the company also entered into a $750 million senior unsecured term loan facility for Park and issued two new commercial mortgage-backed securities (CMBS) loans for Park totaling $2 billion. The company also repaid $250 million on the senior secured term loan facility entered into in 2013. Finally the company borrowed $300 million on the revolving non-recourse timeshare financing receivables credit facility entered into in 2013 for HGV. Also during the fourth quarter of 2016, Hilton repaid the outstanding balance of $3,418 million on a CMBS loan entered into in 2013 and a $450 million mortgage loan, using net proceeds from 2016 borrowings and available cash. As of December 31, 2016, Hilton had $10.2 billion of long-term debt outstanding, of which $3.0 billion is transferred to Park and $0.5 billion is transferred to HGV in connection with the spin-offs. As of December 31, 2016, total cash and cash equivalents was $1,684 million, net receivables was $1.15 billion, inventory amounted to 541 million and other current assets was 176 million. In December 2016, Hilton paid a quarterly cash dividend of $0.07 per share on outstanding common shares, a total of $70 million, bringing total cash dividends paid in 2016 to $277 million. Hilton ended 2016 with property plant and equipment valued $8,930 million, goodwill of $5,822 million, intangible asset of $6,374 million, and other assets of $334 million the company also had deferred long term asset charge of 117 million. Hiltons total asset increased by 495 million to $26,211 million up from $25, 716 million in 2015. At the end of the 2016 the Hiltons had a working capital of $873 million, this indicates that the company has the ability to pay its short term liabilities. The current ratio is 1.33:1, which is also an indication of the companys ability to honor its short term obligations as they fall dues. Hiltons has $2,684 in total current liabilities, $20,312 million in total liabilities and total stockholders equity of $5,899 million and decrease of 52 million over the same pe riod in 2015. Projections indicate that along with Hilton s new simplifies business model and the separation of the three companies, the current capitalization structure Hilton should be profitable without the need for excess borrowing. Balance Sheet for year ended 31, December 2016 All numbers in thousands Current Assets $ Current Liabilities $ Cash And Cash Equivalents 1,684,000 Accounts Payable 2,513,000 Net Receivables 1,156,000 Short/Current Long Term Debt 171,000

Comparisons between ‘ The Daffodils’ by William Wordsworth and ‘The new fast automatic Daffodils’ by Adrian Henri

Both titles show that the poems are about daffodils. The word ‘fast' and ‘automatic' in Henri's title prepares the reader for more modern variation. ‘The daffodils' by Wordsworth, is about daffodils. The poet is dreaming or thinking of daffodils, like for example: ‘Beside the lake, beneath the trees, Fluttering and dancing in the breeze' and ‘I wandered as a lonely cloud'. The poet is really fascinated by the daffodils, because he is describing it so beautiful. It is a very happy poem and also very natural, calm, appreciated and thoughtful. The poem has an effect. The rhythm is effective, it helps people to remember the poem better. The rhyme scheme: ab ab cc makes it easy to remember. Stanza 4 means: The poet is lying on his back looking to the sky and thinking about the daffodils. By thinking of the daffodils, it makes him happy and he gets happy thoughts about it. ‘The waves beside them dance', is a metaphor. I would definitely chose this poem, because it is a relaxing poem, I think the poem will attract people. It tells people what he thinks of daffodils. The poem refers to the characteristics of landscapes. It think, people form the 1900 will understand it because it is written in their language. Where the people won't be able to understand it because cars didn't exist in their time. Adrian Henri's poem, ‘The new, fast, automatic daffodils', uses words and phrases, which are the same as ‘The daffodils' by Wordsworth. Like for example: ‘Bliss of solitude' ‘Inward eye' ‘In vacant and in pensive mood' '10 000 saw I at a glance' (only, Wordsworth uses word for the 10 000 (ten thousand) ) Henri wanted to make an interesting poem, so he mixed the car leaflet or advertisement with Wordsworth's poem. Wordsworth's poem is about the daffodil as a part of nature and natural beauty. Henri's ‘daffodils' is more comfortable in the technical age, as a machine or car. Both have some of the same lines which have been used in each poem, i.e. ‘that floats on high o'er vales and hills'. Both use language effectively to describe their different views on the ‘daffodil'. Wordsworth uses words which are not familiar to a modern reader but was in keeping for the time it was written in the 18th century, i.e. ‘jocund' ‘glee' ‘bliss'. Henri uses advertising language such as ‘generously portioned' and ‘cruising speed' to appeal to a modern reader. An 18th century reader would not understand parts of the language. Both poets use repetition to get across certain points to the reader. Wordsworth uses similes and personification in order to encourage the reader to identify and recognise his message. Henri uses figures and bold capital letters to make his work more scientific and technical. It is his use of the language of the media, which helps the reader to identify with his point of view. Both poets are writing within the style and context of their own individual historical time. Wordsworth was born in 1770 and died in 1850. Some of his poetry – including ‘Daffodil' – was inspired by his love of walking and travelling, and by observing and commenting on his natural surroundings. Adrian Henri was born in 1932 and is still living. I the 1960's he was know as one of the ‘Liverpool poets' and from 1967-1970 he led the poetry/rock group called ‘Liverpool Scene'. This probably helps to account for his collage style in this poem, of mixing different types of poetry and texts in order to create something completely different. Both poems have a positive and happy tone. Wordsworth's poem has a calm and tranquil tone, which is based on appreciation of the beauty of a natural landscape, and the calming effect that contemplation can have on the soul. Henri's poem is much more upbeat and brash. It is selling the ‘daffodil' as a consumer item. I think that I will chose ‘The daffodils' by William Wordsworth because I am a person that like nature and not very interested in cars. It depend on the person's personality whether they like the poem by Wordsworth or the poem by Henri. Both titles show that the poems are about daffodils. Wordsworth' s poem is about flowers and Henri's poem is about a Dutch car. Henri is using words and phrases he took from Wordsworth's poem. Both poems are calm and happy. Both poets use repetition to get across certain points of the reader. Well my conclusion is that the two poems are not about the same thing.

Promotional and Advertising Strategies Essay

The author comes from Iran, with an ideological and religious fanatic government which owns and controls all of economical and industrial activities with an armed to teeth minority. In such countries they can produce and sell any low quality with any prices that they want, and actually customers have not many choices, and almost all of promotional techniques and strategies are meaningless! So here we are talking about free trade and free market countries like US. This paper review and scrutiny the circumstances surrounding the promotional and advertising Strategies for two automotive companies: TOYATA and HUNDAI. The author is very curious about those companies, because HUNDAI (1967) began car production almost 32 years after TOYOTA (1935)! But now, in all aspects both companies are equal in quality, branding, marketing, price and customer service, even HUNDAI is further! HMC (Hyundai Motor Company) was unknown brand with low quality and cheap price cars, but after it came in the US market converted its products to high quality and luxury quickly and stealing loyal customers away from many industry pioneers! But how was this late-moving car maker able to gain an advantage in this extremely competitive market? (Graf B, 2013) Introduction Definition of Advertising: The term â€Å"Advertising† first appeared in the 17th century. It has its root in the Latin word â€Å"advertere,† which means, â€Å"to  make people notice or know.† It can be roughly explained as â€Å"to extensively notify the public.† According to the Dictionary of Chinese Etymology, the Chinese definition of advertising means, â€Å"openly announce to the public,† with the annotation of â€Å"such as putting up notices or publishing advertisements in newspapers.† (Yan Boqin, 1978) Definition of Marketing: â€Å"Marketing† is an economic term meaning promotion and distribution. Originally applied in agriculture, it drew more and more attention after the 19th century and spread rapidly. From economic, social, business and customers’ angles, the property of its definition can be determined (Li Zongru, 2004). For highlighting the brand in the eyes of public and attracting new customers, product promotion is one of the essentials. There are many channels to promote a product or service. Successful promotions strongly depends on believe and culture of people, style of living, income level, government policies and economical and industrial infrastructures. Some firms use multiple methods, while others may use different methods for various marketing purposes. Irrespective of the type of service or product, a strong group of promotional strategies can help position the company in a favorable light with not only current customers but new ones as well. The following are top ten promotional strategies: â€Å"1- Contests, 2-Social Media, 3-Mail Order Marketing 4-Product Giveaways, 5-Point-of-Sale Promotion and End-Cap Marketing, 6-Customer Referral Incentive Program, 7-Causes and Charity, 8-Branded Promotional Gifts, 9-Customer Appreciation Events, 10-After-Sale Customer Surveys† (Carl Hose. 2014; Small businesses; Retrieved December 2, 2014 from http://smallbusiness.chron.com/top-ten-promotional-strategies-10193.html) Comparing the promotional strategies used by Toyota and Hyundai for a similar product Today almost all of carmakers have a lot of experiences and they have access to modern and new technologies. So they can produce good quality and good design cars and also offer good services to customers, especially in US, there is no way to sell any products with low quality and low customer  service. In result the best promotional strategies are those that involve culture, attitudes and beliefs of the people. The following are some examples of such strategies. Green Environment: Increasing public awareness about environmental protection, governments forced to implement hard regulation and criteria for automobile firms. Toyota published on its website: 1. Diversifying energy sources: â€Å"Toyota is developing various new technologies from the perspective of energy saving and diversifying energy sources. Environment has been first and most important issue in priorities of Toyota and working toward creating a prosperous society and clean world.† 2. Fuel Cell: â€Å"By generating electricity from hydrogen, Toyota’s fuel cell vehicles are not only environmentally friendly they’re also highly energy efficient. With such eco-friendly characteristics, Fuel Cell Vehicles are the next step toward achieving sustainable mobility.† 3. Plug-In Hybrid: â€Å"Introducing the next step for eco-friendly cars; a combination of the proven engineering of current hybrids with home recharging. It has an increased electric range and produces lower emissions.† 4. Measuring environmental issues surrounding vehicles: â€Å"For more improvements in efficiency, Toyota proactively manages power train efficiency, reduces vehicle load, and controls energy management by integration of fuel-saving technologies such as charge control, idling stop, etc.† 5. Various vehicles: â€Å"Along with our emphasis of conventional vehicles and hybrid vehicles as fundamental core technology while pursuing further advancement.† 6. Alternative fuels: â€Å"Based on these core technologies, Toyota will develop next-generation vehicles utilizing alternative fuels such as gas fuel, electricity and hydrogen.† (Retrieved December 2, 2014 from http://www.toyota-global.com/innovation/environmental _technology/) Hyundai published on its website: 1. Blue Drive: Our Blue Drive ® technology gives you lower pollution and higher performance. Blue Drive is a philosophy that guides Hyundai in its effort to become the automotive leader in sustainability. It’s helped focus our engineers and designers on creating lighter vehicles, developing more efficient power trains and even inventing proprietary hybrid technologies.  2. Plug-in and zero-emission: In the future, Blue Drive will expand to include plug-in hybrid vehicles, zero-emission electric vehicles and fuel-cell vehicles that run entirely on hydrogen. Their only emission is water. 3. Electric hybrid: Hyundai introduced the first electric hybrid with electrifying performance. Our engineers have invented the industry’s most advanced hybrid vehicle. 4. New battery: Unlike other hybrids on the market, ours uses a patented Lithium Polymer battery. It has 40% less volume; it’s 25% lighter and 10% more efficient. T he battery also has a longer life-span-it comes with a lifetime warranty guarantee. So you can feel good about preserving the environment for the life of your vehicle. (Retrieved December 2, 2014 from https://www.hyundaiusa.com/new-thinking/environment.aspx) Slogan: â€Å"An advertising slogan is usually a short tagline – less than five words — that tells potential customers the benefits they can expect when choosing your product or service, or establishes your company brand.† (Kristen Hamlin, 2014; Retrieved December 2, 2014 from http://smallbusiness.chron.com/ importance-ad-slogans-31343.html) 1. Toyota’s ownership slogans: marketing efforts in North America have focused on emphasizing the positive experiences of ownership and vehicle quality. The ownership experience has been targeted in slogans such as â€Å"You asked for it! You got it!† (1975–1979); â€Å"Oh, what a feeling!† (1979 – September 1985, in the US); â€Å"Who could ask for anything more?† (September 1985 – 1989); â€Å"I love what you do for me, Toyota!† (1989–1997); â€Å"Everyday† (1997–2001); â€Å"Get the feeling!† (2001–2004); â€Å"Moving Forward† (2004–2012); and â€Å"Let’s Go Places† (2012–present). 2. Hyundai’s Brand slogan: â€Å"NEW THINKING. NEW POSSIBILITIES.†; reflects the will of Hyundai Motor Company to create new possibilities to benefit the world and its people by encouraging and developing new thinking. All members of Hyundai have the brand slogan deeply engraved in their hearts as they move forward in their effort to provide new values and experiences desired by today’s customers through innovative ways that are unique to the brand, driven by new thinking about customers and cars.( Retrieved December 3, 2014 from http://worldwide .hyundai.com/WW/Corporate/Corporate Information/BrandSlogan/index.html) New Compact Vehicle Strategy: According to the Ford India President, compact car sales are expected to double by 2018 from around one million units in  2013. This surge in demand in expected to be fueled by rising disposable incomes in the second most populous country in the world, and also owing to the increasing demand for fuel-efficient smaller cars due to rising fuel prices.( Trefis Team ,2014. Retrieved December 3, 2014 from http://www.forbes.com/sites /greatspeculations/2014/06/13/tata-motors-looks-to-improve-passenger-car-sales-by-penetrating-the-compact-segment/) 1. Toyota: The automobile market in emerging markets is growing each year in tandem with the economic growth of each country. Within those markets, there has been marked growth in the sales of compact vehicles, so Toyota is promoting a new compact vehicle strategy that emphasizes the compact vehicle lineup and seeks to meet the needs of consumers in emerging markets. 2. Hyundai: The South Korean automaker ranked seventh among mass-market brands in the this year’s U.S. Initial Quality Study by J.D. Power and Associates, topping such brands as Toyota, Infiniti, Audi and Lincoln. Hyundai’s Accent compact and Elantra small car were named among the top three cars in their segments.(Hans Greimel, 2011. Retrieved December 2, 2014 from http://www.autonews.com/article /20101206/RETAIL03/ 312069982/hyundai-plans-new-brand-strategy) Financial Services Strategy: Every year, millions of people around the world transition out of poverty in any number of ways—by adopting new farming technologies, investing in new business opportunities, or finding new jobs, for example. Effective tools for saving, sending, and borrowing money and mitigating financial risks can help people weather setbacks and achieve greater financial stability over the long term. (Retrieved December 4, 2014 from http://www. gatesfoundation.org/What-We-Do/Global-Development /Financial-Services-for-the-Poor) 1. Toyota: Toyota Financial Services has constructed a global network that covers approximately 90% of the markets in which Toyota sells its vehicles. Mainly concentrated on auto loans, leases and Toyota dealer floor plan requirements, TFS provides auto sales financing to approximately 5.4 million customers. Thus effectively helping them in making their own cars more affordable to their potential consumers all around the world. Again being a strategy that helps them a stronger competitor in the market. 2. Hyundai: Through our service brands, Hyundai Motor Finance and Kia Motors Finance, we provide financial products tailored to meet the needs of Hyundai  and Kia dealerships nationwide, including dealer inventory and facility financing. And, through these dealerships, we provide indirect vehicle financing and leasing solutions to over 1 million retail customers. Our subsidiary, Hyundai Protection Plan, Inc. offers vehicle service contracts and other vehicle protection products under the Hyundai Protection Plan and Power Protect brands. (Retrieved December 2, 2014 from http://www. Hyundaicapital america.com/hca.aspx) Two uses for consumer-oriented promotions that could assist a company in both the short and long term for the carmaker companies What are consumer-oriented sales promotions? There are two points of view: 1- Retail Promotions consist of inducements offered by retailers to consumers includes retail coupons, price discounts, double coupons, special displays, features etc. 2- Consumer Promotions consist of inducements offered by manufacturers to consumers includes manufacturer’s premiums, bonus packs, coupons, samples, rebates, etc. There are some reasons for the importance of the sales promotion. First, the growth of retailer power in distribution channels has led to an excess in consumer promotions. Sometimes, manufacturers make special offers to consumers because a powerful retailer insisted that they do so. Another time, as a way of neutralizing retailer power by intensification the bonds of loyalty consumers may feel toward the brand. Either way, retailers frequently serve as the driving force behind consumer promotions. Second, the type of competition has converted significantly during recent years resulting in ever greater consumer price sensitivity. The growing of brands and brand extensions, intensity segmented consumer markets, and lower brand loyalty have combined to make consumers much more aware of price given that many product categories are populated by several competitors. Third, price deals have become the rule rather than the exception for many products. Rebates on certain brands of automobiles, department store sales, and coupons on many grocery items are only a few areas where consumers have  grown to expect price breaks. Indeed, the expectation is more than, when possible, many consumers will wait for promotional offers rather than buy with no deal. Fourth, advertising clutter has forced marketers to find new ways of getting consumer attention. Product benefits alone frequently prove insufficient to prompt consumer action much less get their attention. Thus, marketers increasingly look to sales promotion to find ways of breaking through to customers who face a constant bombardment of promotional messages. Eventually increasing of consumer promotion can also be attributed to more pressure on marketing management for short-term results. Investors want to immediate bottom-line results rather than the long-term health or stability of the companies in which they invest. Sales promotions are tools to increase near term sales. However, as their use becomes more common, their costs become regular and recurring and therefore potentially self-defeating. (Retrieved December 5, 2014 from www.udayton.edu/†¦/Consumer%2520Promotion.p) The strategic manner in which the leading car company has made its pricing decisions by using one or more of the four pricing objectives â€Å"The four Ps of marketing is the combination of product, price, place (distribution), and promotion. Marketers develop strategies around these four areas in marketing to enhance branding, sales, and profitability. â€Å" (Ross Gittell, 2014, Retrieved December 5, 2014 from http://catalog.flatworldknowledge.com/bookhub/reader/3157?e=gittell_1.0-ch06_s02#) Price is the only revenue generating element amongst the 4ps, the rest being cost centers. Pricing objectives or goals give the company direction to the whole pricing process and consider the following: 1- Survival; 2- Get competitive advantage; 3- Financial, marketing, and strategic objectives of the company; 4- Enhance image of the firm, product or brand; 5- Hold price leadership; 6- Increase market share; 7- Consumer price point and elasticity; 8- Available resources; 9- Catch target of return of investment  and sales; 10- Prevent new entrants; 11- Match competitors prices. Toyota gets credit for being the most known brand on the market; however the Corolla comes up nowhere in the competitor charts in terms of price, model distinction, or performance (TrueTrends, 2012). Providing a competitive advantage for the Corolla requires differentiating the car in pricing, quality, service, innovation, brand, convenience, and anywhere else that makes it more desirable over its competition (McCrimmon, 2008). How Toyota as a leading company can offer lowest prices? i.e. $89 a month for lease! The answer is: by maintaining its lowest costs. Along with differentiation Toyota also uses low cost to try and gain a competitive advantage in the automotive industry. â€Å"Toyota is (or was at the time) the low cost producer in the industry. Toyota achieves its cost leadership strategy by adopting lean production, careful choice and control of suppliers, efficient distribution, and low servicing costs from a quality product.†(Michael E. Porter, 2013) This quote from Michael Porter sums up how Toyota achieves this low cost strategy. Through research, it is evident that Toyota is still the low cost leader in the automotive industry. Societal trends have moved away from an individualistic culture—which identified social status and hierarchy based on material possessions—to an environmentally aware society (Grewal & Levy, 2012). With consumers’ minds wrapped around things like fuel mileage, cleaner emissions, and hybrid technology we find them moving further away from SUVs and trucks (Farooq, 2012). However, the 2013 Corolla is foreshadowed to be outshined by the Dodge Dart, as it loses some of its competitive edge in pricing and other award winning features (TrueTrends, 2012). By 2012 Toyota is planning to have more than 20 models that use batteries to extend fuel economy just like their Prius (Krolicki). Although they have not been as aggressive in the electric car market recently, like their competitors, they are planning to release a rechargeable version of their Prius by June 2012 (Krolicki). This re-chargeable version will position Toyota to attempt to take over as a low cost leader of hybrid technologies  within the market, which supports Toyota’s overall strategy of low cost (Krolicki). Two actions that other car companies may take in order to differentiate themselves and gain a competitive advantage  Hyundai rightly understood the consumer motivations to create magnetic products, price them strategically, position them sharply and keep making the magnetism more potent. Having understood the finer differences in consumer motivations, it opted for sharp arrow ‘reasons-to-buy’ differentiation over the ‘blanket-all approach’ taken by most of the other players. It is an aggressive marketer. It focuses on medium and low price products. Hyundai has also started premium products range to capture the growing market. (Anshuman goyal, pricing strategy of Hyundai, 2007; Retrieved December 9, 2014 from www.hyundai.com) The segments are based on type of customer like age group, attitude, end use of product, demographic behavior and purchasing power, status of the people of the region. Each competitor has its own strong point and value and position there product so as to attract maximum number of customers. (Kottler, Keller, Jha, Koshy, 2007, Marketing Management) Hyundai brand continues to dominate the market for premium cars, despite increasing competition. The firm should first consider the competitors price. If the company i.e. Hyundai contains features not offered by the nearest competitor, it should evaluate their worth to the customer and that value to the competitor price. Competitors are more likely to react when there is high competition. In case of Hyundai, many products are there such as Sonata, Santro, Hyundai i10, Accent etc. Hyundai continues to provide stiff competition to Honda in all the segments and poses an even bigger threat to expansion plans of Hyundai. (Anshuman goyal, pricing strategy of Hyundai, 2007; Retrieved December 9, 2014 from www.honda.com) Two examples of the most effective advertising medium for a Car company The TV advertising have been having the largest audiences in all ages, but car buyers are specific ages who have not enough time to watching TV even less than one hour per day, because they are too busy in today competitive era. Instead the internet via smart phones and computers is like a ghost became as a inseparable part of their life, at any time more than 15 hours a day, and even when they are eating, showering, walking, sporting, biking, swimming, and in any place even in high mountains and deep forests, roads and villages! Another reason for effectiveness of internet rather than TV is: new intelligence algorithms via data mining analyze the behavior of customers and put proper Ads to the web pages related to the target customers with very lower advertising costs. As a most important subject which advertisers should also pay attention to it is cultural differences, they have to be careful since cultures vary in different countries, they must understand the local audience culture before releasing new commercials, in order to avoid any misunderstanding. Another internet related way for advertising can be the online promotional games, such as Toyota’s use of MSN commercial games to promote its products, for instance. There are two interactive contents focusing on entertainment: fun activities and downloads. Both of them were found in about one third of the 100 web sites, respectively. Fun activities were also utilized to promote the brand in the sites and they are not related to scores or performance. Activities for fun included virtual test drive (www.gmc.com), virtual plant tour (www.cocacola .com), virtual auto show (www.lexus.com), e-cards (www.saturn.com), a coloring sheet (www.wendys.com), a virtual skin beauty analysis (www.neutrogena.com), and so forth. Downloads promoting and affiliated with the company’s brand were also analyzed. Desktop images such as wallpaper and icons were the most offered downloads, followed by music (Seounmi Youn, 2001, Retrieved December 9, 2014 from http://list.msu.edu/cgi-bin/wa?A3=ind0209c&L=AEJMC&E =0&P=3326464&B=†¦_&T=text%2Fplain;%20charset=us-ascii) For the carmakers, another impressive promotion method is â€Å"complete test ride†. The buyers are very keen to getting experience to drive with a brand new car and having the opportunity to really feel its advantages and disadvantages. For encouraging the customers to more participating in test drive activities, offering some gifts can always increase the interest and  willingness of then. Getting the best result always does not correspond with the cost of the advertising. So carmakers should choose their advertising media in accordance with today era. However as always, inviting stars to speak for different models with different appeals will have so effectiveness to increasing the public awareness. Conclusion Some observers suspect that Hyundai’s recent successes may be anomalies, abetted by the difficulties that the company’s U.S. and Japanese competitors faced after the global economic crisis, the rise in the yen’s value, Toyota’s wave of recalls, and the 2011 earthquake and tsunami in Japan and Fukushima nuclear disaster. Others say that the company’s highly protected home market has enabled its growth, allowing Hyundai to establish a global presence while its domestic competitors restrict themselves to tiny slivers of the Korean market. But the single factor that has made the most difference is the company’s own interest in building world-class capabilities. Starting in 1998, Hyundai’s leaders set out to develop the kind of prowess the company would need to become a global automobile powerhouse, able to hold its own in the United States and other fiercely competitive markets. Early on, that meant offering a comprehensive warranty and taking specific steps to dramatically improve its quality ratings. Once customers were convinced of the brand’s reliability, Hyundai added other capabilities, such as design, which led to a more diversified product line and more stylish features. Meanwhile, it developed a knack for getting the word out through clever, consistent marketing. The result is a coherent mix of quality improvement, design, and marketing that gives Hyundai a clear advantage over its industry competitors. Although these are required capabilities at all automakers, Hyundai has excelled at combining them over the past decade, and its sales numbers reflect this success. The company’s effort to become a world-class automaker is beginning to pay off, and it’s far enough along that its story can be credibly told. (Source: Strategy & Business. February 26, 2013. Retrieved December 2, 2014  from http://www.strategy-business.com/article/00162?pg=all) References Anshuman goyal, pricing strategy of Hyundai, 2007; www.honda.com Anshuman goyal, pricing strategy of Hyundai, 2007; www.hyundai.com Carl Hose. 2014; Small businesses; http://smallbusiness.chron.com/top-ten-promotional-strategies-10193.html Hans Greimel, 2011. http://www.autonews.com/article /20101206/RETAIL03/ 312069982/hyundai-plans-new-brand-strategy Kottler, Keller, Jha, Koshy, 2007, Marketing Management Kristen Hamlin, 2014; http://smallbusiness.chron.com/ importance-ad-slogans-31343.html http://www. gatesfoundation.org/What-We-Do/Global-Development/Financial-Services-for-the-Poor Ross Gittell, 2014, http://catalog.flatworldknowledge.com/bookhub/reader/3157?e=gittell_1.0-ch06_s02# Trefis Team, 2014. http://www.forbes.com/sites /greatspeculations/2014/06/13/tata-motors-looks-to-improve-passenger-car-sales-by-penetrating-the-compact-segment/ Seounmi Youn, 2001, http://list.msu.edu/cgi-bin/wa?A3=ind0209c&L=AEJMC&E =0&P=3326464&B=†¦_&T=text%2Fplain;%20charset=us-ascii Strategy & Business. February 26, 2013. http://www.strategy-business.com/article/00162?pg=all