History of the Jet Ski

Personal water craft have been around for more than half a century. The â€Å"Jet Ski,† however, is a trademark used by Kawasaki for its line of personal motorized water craft. Although the word Jet Ski has now become a more generic term describing all personal watercraft, well use it to refer specifically to the Kawasaki vessels. Early Years The earliest water scooters—as they were originally called—were introduced to Europe in the mid 1950s by motorcycle makers looking to expand their markets. The British company Vincent produced some 2,000 of its Amanda water scooters in 1955, but it failed to create the new market Vincent had hoped for. Despite the failure of European water scooters to catch on in the 1950s, the 60s saw continued attempts at tinkering with the idea. The Italian company Mival introduced its Nautical Pleasure Cruiser, which required users to hang onto the craft from behind. Australian motocross enthusiast Clayton Jacobsen II decided to design his own version so that its pilots would be standing up. His big breakthrough, though, was switching from the old outboard motors to an internal pump-jet. Jacobsen made his first prototype out of aluminum in 1965. He tried again a year later, this time opting for fiberglass. He sold his idea to the snowmobile manufacturer Bombardier, but they failed to catch on and Bombardier gave up on them. With patent back in hand, Jacobsen went to Kawasaki, which brought out its model in 1973. It was called the  Jet Ski. With the benefit of Kawasaki’s marketing, the Jet Ski won a loyal audience as a way to waterski without the need  for a boat. It was a small audience, however, as remaining on board while standing up—especially in choppy water—remained a challenge. Jet Skis Go Big The next decade planted the seeds for an explosion in the  popularity of personal water craft. For one thing, new models were introduced that let  riders do what they could do back on the old water scooters. The ability to sit down helped pilot stability. New designs not only improved stability further, but they allowed for two riders at a time, introducing a social element to personal water crafts. Bombardier got back into the game with the introduction of the Sea-Doo, which went on to become the best-selling personal watercraft in the world. With further advances in engine technology and emissions, today’s personal water craft enjoy new-found success in every metric. They can go faster than ever, reaching 60 miles an hour. And they now sell more than any boat in the world. Jet Ski Competitions As the popularity of personal water craft started to take off, enthusiasts started to organize races and competitions. The premiere racing series event is the  P1 AquaX, which launched in the United Kingdom in May 2011. London-based sports promoter Powerboat P1  created the racing series and expanded to the United States in 2013. And by 2015, as many as  400 riders from 11 countries had signed up to compete in an AquaX event. The organizers are looking to expand to other countries.

Project Management with Reference to the Construction of...

The Roman engineers were the first in history to discover that proper management of men and resources could greatly decrease the time it takes to complete a construction project. The management structure the Romans employed on their many public construction projects was very simple, but very effective in communicating information through the appropriate channels. Coupling this management structure with previous experience, the Romans were able to increase the efficiency of their endless labour force. Given that no scriptures on the topic of project management have been discovered, it is hard to know whether the Romans knew exactly what they had achieved. However, even though they are more complex, the processes used today can be quite†¦show more content†¦The next level of men consisted of contractors and foreman that supervised small crews of men. The foremen had to have a very good understanding of what they were being asked to do and how to organize their crews to work a s efficiently and fast as possible. Foremen were also required to physically demonstrate to the men being supervised what they were expected to do and probably administered discipline to men for poor work. Another branch of men , not directly related to physical work, lead to the engineers. This branch contained the levellers and surveyors. They worked under the engineer and maintained communication with the contractor but they did not really fit between either. These men were educated in a variety of subjects but especially math. The surveyors used simple tools to perform very important elevation calculations and with the engineers they plotted the paths of the aqueducts. They communicated with the contractor(s) to explain the path and the slope that the labours were being asked to construct. The most important people in the construction team were the engineers. Everything that happened on the project fell to them to deal with. For this reason Vitruvius gives many examples of things that engineers needed to know and should have studied, including math and some unusual topics such as philosophy and music (Vitruvius: On Architecture, 2006). The engineersShow MoreRelatedUnderstanding the Infrastructure Industry and How it is Essential for the Growth of Our Nation3335 Words   |  13 Pagespurchasing the raw materials through to delivery of the finished product to the customer. They are guided by their motto â€Å"order today, we deliver tomorrow.† Their focus is on operational excellence and lean methods of manufacturing, as well as Kaizen management. Modern technologies such as an automated warehouse system and SAP R3 support the overriding target of corporate success. A worldwide network of their own production facilities also contributes to effectively distributin g their knowledge and to

Brain food to Boost your Exam Scores Free Essays

Well all know that completing a long exam can feel like running a mental marathon, but did you know that what you eat and drink can affect your exam performanceWell it’s true – certain foods have been scientifically proven to improve your energy levels, concentration rate and overall brain power; sounds exactly like the kind of thing you could use for an exam rightToday we have a look at what is the best diet to follow on exam day? Eat brain-boosting foods Protein-rich foods can lead to greater mental alertness, these include eggs, nuts, yogurt, and cottage cheese. So the ideal pre-exam breakfast would be whole-grain cereal with low-fat milk, eggs and toast with jam, porridge, oatmeal, or sugar-free muesli. Go Bananas Fruit can provide excellent brain fuel, which can help you think faster and remember more easily. We will write a custom essay sample on Brain food to Boost your Exam Scores or any similar topic only for you Order Now You could eat oranges, strawberries, blueberries, or bananas, which are especially popular. Vegetables, raw carrots, bell peppers, Brussels sprouts, spinach, broccoli, and asparagus are good choices. Brain blockers On exam day, stay away from foods made of white flour, such as cookies, cakes, and muffins, which require added time and energy to digest. Also avoid foods that are high in refined sugar, such as chocolates, desserts, and sweets. When eaten alone, carbohydrates make you feel more relaxed than alert. So carbs are a good option for the day before the exam, but not on the actual exam day. In addition, carbs such as rice or potatoes, eaten in large quantities, can make you feel heavy and sleepy. Avoid foods that a high in sugar, such as chocolate and Coca-Cola. They will send you off on sugar highs and lows — the opposite of stabilising you during your long exam. Drink brain boosting beverages. Make sure you drink enough water before and during your exam. Tea also works, though without a lot of sugar. Dehydration can make you lose your concentration, feel faint, and sap your energy. Don’t wait till you’re thirsty to drink a glass of water. If you wait till you’re thirsty, it means your body is already a little dehydrated. Avoid alcohol completely on exam day. Obviously, you cannot do well on an exam if you are drunk, have a headache, or are feeling nauseous. In general, reduce your drinking around exam time to avoid hangovers, dullness, or excessive fatigue. Avoid caffeine, as it can increase your nervousness.. Consider taking multivitamins. Most students do not eat a healthy balanced diet. When you survive on pizza, junk food, Red Bull, and coffee, your body ends up with a lack of essential vitamins and minerals. A multivitamin can help. The B vitamins especially strengthen brain functioning. Iron, calcium, and zinc can boost your body’s ability to handle stress. Don’t Forget to Sleep. Many students get into the habit of studying late into the night, hoping to cram in a little more information into their already exhausted brains. Instead, on the night before the exam, stop studying in the early evening. After that, take it easy, eat your dinner, lay out your clothes for the next day, pack your bag, take a shower, set a couple of alarms and head to bed early. You’ve done all you can. To function at your best on exam day, you need not only the energy that comes from healthy nutrition, but also the energy that comes from adequate, restful sleep. How to cite Brain food to Boost your Exam Scores, Essay examples

Brain food to Boost your Exam Scores Free Essays

Well all know that completing a long exam can feel like running a mental marathon, but did you know that what you eat and drink can affect your exam performanceWell it’s true – certain foods have been scientifically proven to improve your energy levels, concentration rate and overall brain power; sounds exactly like the kind of thing you could use for an exam rightToday we have a look at what is the best diet to follow on exam day? Eat brain-boosting foods Protein-rich foods can lead to greater mental alertness, these include eggs, nuts, yogurt, and cottage cheese. So the ideal pre-exam breakfast would be whole-grain cereal with low-fat milk, eggs and toast with jam, porridge, oatmeal, or sugar-free muesli. Go Bananas Fruit can provide excellent brain fuel, which can help you think faster and remember more easily. We will write a custom essay sample on Brain food to Boost your Exam Scores or any similar topic only for you Order Now You could eat oranges, strawberries, blueberries, or bananas, which are especially popular. Vegetables, raw carrots, bell peppers, Brussels sprouts, spinach, broccoli, and asparagus are good choices. Brain blockers On exam day, stay away from foods made of white flour, such as cookies, cakes, and muffins, which require added time and energy to digest. Also avoid foods that are high in refined sugar, such as chocolates, desserts, and sweets. When eaten alone, carbohydrates make you feel more relaxed than alert. So carbs are a good option for the day before the exam, but not on the actual exam day. In addition, carbs such as rice or potatoes, eaten in large quantities, can make you feel heavy and sleepy. Avoid foods that a high in sugar, such as chocolate and Coca-Cola. They will send you off on sugar highs and lows — the opposite of stabilising you during your long exam. Drink brain boosting beverages. Make sure you drink enough water before and during your exam. Tea also works, though without a lot of sugar. Dehydration can make you lose your concentration, feel faint, and sap your energy. Don’t wait till you’re thirsty to drink a glass of water. If you wait till you’re thirsty, it means your body is already a little dehydrated. Avoid alcohol completely on exam day. Obviously, you cannot do well on an exam if you are drunk, have a headache, or are feeling nauseous. In general, reduce your drinking around exam time to avoid hangovers, dullness, or excessive fatigue. Avoid caffeine, as it can increase your nervousness.. Consider taking multivitamins. Most students do not eat a healthy balanced diet. When you survive on pizza, junk food, Red Bull, and coffee, your body ends up with a lack of essential vitamins and minerals. A multivitamin can help. The B vitamins especially strengthen brain functioning. Iron, calcium, and zinc can boost your body’s ability to handle stress. Don’t Forget to Sleep. Many students get into the habit of studying late into the night, hoping to cram in a little more information into their already exhausted brains. Instead, on the night before the exam, stop studying in the early evening. After that, take it easy, eat your dinner, lay out your clothes for the next day, pack your bag, take a shower, set a couple of alarms and head to bed early. You’ve done all you can. To function at your best on exam day, you need not only the energy that comes from healthy nutrition, but also the energy that comes from adequate, restful sleep. How to cite Brain food to Boost your Exam Scores, Essay examples

Martha Graham The Picasso of Dance Essay Example For Students

Martha Graham The Picasso of Dance Essay In the early 1900s, in order to be considered a legitimate art form, dance was expected to be graceful and beautiful, and because of this, ballet was the most accepted and appreciated dancing medium. At this time, in Allegheny City, lived a girl who dreamed of being a dancer. While worshiping Ruth St. Denis, Martha Graham bloomed into the Picasso of Dance, and initiated the modern dance movement. Through this movement, Martha Graham used her: attitude, theater, and unique technique, to rebel against the common traditions of dancing, and created a modern technique which transformed the realm of dance to represent more than just beauty. We will write a custom essay on Martha Graham The Picasso of Dance specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Unlike other dancers, Graham did not care for what the critics approved of or what was expected of her, which helped establish her unpredictable reputation as a dancer. Using her irrational attitude to her advantage, she succeeded in creating a dance form that was real and not focused on projecting only beauty. In her autobiography, Graham described how when choosing whether to represent beauty or the eccentric nature of every woman, â€Å"in each character , played according to what she felt was the wild one† (Graham 58). This unconventional objective of hers was out of the ordinary, since more emphasis was placed on what was appealing to one’s eye. Graceful movements and elaborate costumes were used in order to enhance the beauty of ballet, and yet Graham’s distinct perspective on how modern dance should follow â€Å"modern painters and architects in discarding decorative essentials and fancy trimmings† in order to prove how â€Å" dance was not to be ‘pretty’ but much more real (Graham 120). For example, while working in the Greenwich Village Follies, Graham would never wear any type of revealing garment, because she truly believed as a dancer she will allow her work speak for itself since she â€Å" not a showgirl† (Graham 95). Her bold attitude towards the costumes she would wear whenever she danced with the Follies, created a more artistic feel to her dance, instead of relying on what would please the audience most to see the dancers in. Whether it is pure genius or the inclination to be wild, Graham inspired many of her dancers to embrace dismal clothing and forced their movements to paint a contemporary picture, which later became a form of art. Through her use of theater, Graham set the stage for dramatic movements that not only expressed various issues of the time, but also a powerful meaning in every gesture a dancer would form. With every ballet, Graham taught the audience a life lesson, using her essence of drama. In El Penitente, her ballet of 1940, she illustrated how every woman who â€Å"is worth anything† has three phases to her personality, which were the qualities of â€Å"being a virgin, of being the temptress-prostitute, of being the mother† (Graham 26). Whenever an audience would come to see Graham in her natural habitat, somehow a deeper meaning to the show was always evident. A huge impact was seen on the modern dance movement, since now dance was characterized as a form of art that allows symbolic or purposeful meanings behind every gesture. In this way, Graham became a triumphant figure in society by communicating her ideas of what women should be seen as, or even what she viewed real beauty as. Using her strict belief of how â€Å"dance is the foundation of theatre,† Graham would entice the audience to look past superficial beauty and see the truth behind rigid movements (Graham 106). In reference to the drama used in El Penitente, critics acclaimed how the â€Å"two-dimensional look of painted images, its shapes and colors reminiscent of work by Georgia O’Keeffe,† and how every dancer almost fit the image of a painted part of nature (Dunning 1). Graham’s use of theater was strange and unique because in most forms of dance at the time, dancers would stay away from two-dimensional shapes in order to create a ballet which would fill the stage completely and seem artistic (Dunning 1). .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f , .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f .postImageUrl , .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f , .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f:hover , .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f:visited , .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f:active { border:0!important; } .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f:active , .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Pablo Picasso "Girl with a Mandolin"- Cubism Movement EssayThe modern dance movement was positively impacted by Graham’s theater skills to give every performance another meaning besides superficial beauty. Graham created her own technique, which is specific to modern dance choreography and is the foundation of the modern dance movement. In order to properly become attuned to the muscles in her body, Graham created the shifting of a dancer’s weight as a prime technique all modern dancers needed to master. As described by Graham herself, the technique â€Å"would later evolve the weight is shifted in the strange animal way that is not ballet but contemporary dance,† which at first was very foreign to all dancer who would attempt such a strategy (Graham 104). Upon hearing of such a technique, even George Balanchine had stated how Graham created her own â€Å"classical technique,† which is very important to modern dance since this weight shifting technique allows dancers to tap into the nature of their bodies and become one with nature, in a sense (Graham 104). Using her momentum, Graham would use physics and anatomy to her advantage whenever she choreographed any performances. Graham impacted the modern dance movement greatly because she created a different technique in which dancers still use even today, especially in contemporary dances. Through the shifting of weight, Graham successfully paved the way for dancers to use real movement to create a contemporary dance style. In conclusion, Graham always was able to leave the audience in awe of her brilliance whenever she performed. Her choreography created the modern dance movement, and allowed dancers to explore areas of dance which were alien to them. Through her: attitude, theater, and technique, Graham really made a difference to the dancing realm and became an inspiration for countless years to come. Due to Graham’s accomplishments, people of the time began to alter their perception of dance to reflect not only how dance can be beautiful, but also how modern dance is a form of art. Bibliography: 1. Dunning, Jennifer. Dance: El Penitente, By Graham. New York Times 5 June 1986, n. pag. http://www.nytimes.com/1986/06/05/arts/dance-el-penitente-by-graham.html. 15 Sep. 2013. 2. Graham, Martha. Blood Memory. Doubleday, 1991. print.